Estudios de Tiempos y Movimientos (Spanish Edition) by Fred E. Meyers (Nov 2000) Pearson Education.
The article focuses on the question of what significance the organizations of working children, which have sprung up in various regions of the Third World since the 1980s, have for processes of transformation in their societies. First, it looks at the common ground shared by the working children and their organizations in different countries. Second, it discusses what kind of social subject emerges from this discussion. Finally, the article asks what possible effects these organizations have on the children themselves or on the society around them.
This work presents a comparative analysis of two Latin American social movements. The first case is the movement of opposition against the privatisation of water and sanitation services (ESS) in Cochabamba, Bolivia in 2000 and the second case is the movement of opposition against the project for a new international airport in Mexico City between 2001 and 2002. Both case studies illustrate how the study of collective discourses or collective action frames (CAFs) can be used to improve our understanding of social movements that emerge in the context of large infrastructure projects.
The work argues that an important determinant in the development and life-span of a social movement is the extent to which the dialogical relation between collective discourses and processes of identity formation at the micro-sociological level is allowed or hampered by other contextual and organisational variables. Key words: Comparative Politics in Latin America; social movements; collective action frames; contentious politics; infrastructure projects. Introduction This work illustrates how framing strategies and discursive practices can be used to study and compare social movements across dissimilar socio-political contexts. For these purposes, two Latin American case studies are presented in detail.
The first case study is the movement of opposition that was led in Cochabamba, Bolivia, by the Coordinator for the Defence of Water and Life [ Coordinadora para la Defensa del Agua y de la Vida] in the year 2000 against the increase of fees and new water regulations that were deemed to be excessively biased towards the interests of private investors. This conflict has become known in the literature as the 'Cochabamba Water War'. The second case is the movement of opposition against a new international airport in Mexico City (NIAMC) which was led by the Popular Front for the Defence of Land [ Frente Popular en Defensa de la Tierra, FPDT] between 2001 and 2002. The analysis is based on fieldwork data collection undertaken in Bolivia during the autumn and summer of 2005 and Mexico during the summer of 2002 and the winter of 2005. Additional information has been gathered through the critical reading of other works on both case studies and recent interviews to policy makers.
Both Bolivia and Mexico show important differences including the size of the countries in terms of population and economy, the extent to which indigenous people have been mixed - i.e., mestizaje-, the strength and territoriality of the State, and the degree of political stability in the last fifty years. Discourses, Collective Action Frames, and Conditions of Possibility The analysis of framing processes and more concretely, the study of the construction and role of collective action frames (CAFs) has become one of the most popular theoretical approaches for studying social movements in the last twenty years.
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